Development of DNA Markers From Physically Mapped Loci in Aegilops comosa and Aegilops umbellulata Using Single-Gene FISH and Chromosome Sequences

Breeding of agricultural crops adapted to climate change and resistant diseases pests is hindered by a limited gene pool because domestication thousands years human selection. One way increase genetic variation chromosome-mediated transfer from wild relatives cross hybridization. In the case wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), species genus Aegilops are particularly attractive source new genes alleles. However, during evolution genera, diversification D-genome lineage resulted in formation diploid C, M, U genomes . The extent structural genome alterations, which accompanied their speciation, shortage molecular tools detect chromatin hamper into wheat. To investigate chromosome structure help develop markers with known physical position that could improve efficiency selection desired introgressions, we developed single-gene fluorescence situ hybridization (FISH) maps for M- U-genome progenitors, comosa umbellulata , respectively. Forty-three ortholog were located on 47 loci Ae. 52 using cDNA probes. results obtained showed M-genome chromosomes preserved collinearity those wheat, excluding 2 6M containing an intrachromosomal rearrangement paracentric inversion 6ML, While 1, 3, 5U maintained reorganizations 2, 4, 6, 7U suggested similarity C markgrafii exact positions FISH data validated silico DNA sequence assemblies flow-sorted chromosomes. search sequences confirmed 44 out 40 map Polymorphic regions, thus, identified enabled development markers, PCR wheat- disomic addition lines. FISH-based approach allowed specific cytogenetically mapped chromosomes, substituting as yet unavailable segregating map. knowledge resources will support efforts introgression cloning.